My teaching was centered on quantum mechanics and its applications, mainly in quantum optics and in the domain of atom manipulation and cooling. It took place at Ecole polytechnique (courses PHY311 and PHY432) and at Ecole normale supérieure (level M1 and M2).
First
year quantum mechanics
The first
year course PHY311 is attended by all 500 students. Its goal
is to provide the students with an introduction to quantum
mechanics and some of its applications. It starts with wave
mechanics, concentrating on one-dimensional problems such as
the motion of a particle in a square well and the harmonic
oscillator. This leads to the notion of state vector and to
the formulation of the principles of quantum mechanics using
Dirac formalism. These principles are illustrated using the
description of maser operation and quantum cryptography. This
course has strong cross-references with the courses on
mathematics and on probability theory.
Second
year course in physics
The second
year course PHY432 is an optional course which consists in a set
of lectures on quantum mechanics (lectures by Jean Dalibard) and
another set on statistical physics (lectures by Marc Mézard). In 2006,
this course was attended by 80% of the students. The quantum
mechanics course starts with the basic principles of the theory
and their illustrations with simple systems. Then it addresses
problems involving several degrees of freedom, which leads
naturally to the quantization of angular momentum and the notion
of spin. These concepts are illustrated by examples in atomic
physics, magnetic resonance, and entangled states (with a
discussion of EPR paradox and Bell inequalities). Finally, the
investigation of systems of identical particles and of the Pauli
principle provides a natural step towards statistical physics.
The quantum
mechanics course of Ecole polytechnique and the corresponding
problem set are published by Springer:
Quantum Mechanics, Jean-Louis-Basdevant, Jean Dalibard, with a
CD (and a web site) by Manuel Joffre
The Quantum Solver, Jean-Louis-Basdevant and Jean Dalibard
Quantum
coherence and dissipation
In this course we discuss
several physical situations wich originate from quantum
optics, atomic physics or condensed matter physics, where
quantum coherence plays an important role. Using simple
examples we show that coherence is related to the existence of
several indistinguishable paths for the history of a quantum
system. Decoherence resulting from the coupling between the
system and its environment is discussed in terms of master
equation for the density matrix, and in terms of stochastic
wave functions. We explain the origin of the fragility of
superposition of states involving macroscopic objects, the
so-called "Schrödinger cats". Finally we address the notion of
phase for a quantum coherent system such as a Bose-Einstein
condensate, and we discuss some recent experimental results in
this domain.
This course
is part of the Formation interuniversitaire de physique (Paris
VI, Paris VII, Paris XI, ENS).
Exam of
November 2003: Decoherence in an atom interferometer (French text)
Exam of Novembre 2004: Interaction with a "structured"
continuum: from spontaneous emission to Rabi oscillation (French text)
Exam of
Novembre 2005: Dark resonances and subrecoil cooling (French text)
Exam of November 2006: Quantum jumps in a Penning
trap (French text)
Exam of November 2007: The superradiance phenomenon (French text)
Cold
atoms.
This course
presents the principles and the practical implementation of the
recent methods which have been developed for cooling atoms by
light, and for trapping charged and neutral particles using
electromagnetic fields. Then it explores some spectacular
applications of the research field: degenerate quantum gases,
Bose-Einstein condensation, atom interferometry. The course is
part of the Master "Sciences & Technologie, Concepts
fondamentaux de la physique".
Advanced
quantum mechanics.
This course,
taught from 1990 to 2000 at the "DEA de Physique Quantique", is
devoted to systems of identical particles and second
quantization, to the treatment of time-dependent problems, and
to scattering theory.